Ingress Protection (IP): Classification, Meaning, Rating
Published:
8/15/2022
A critical factor when considering purchasing an HVLS fan is the environment in which the fan will be installed and operating in. Disregarding this when making your purchasing decision can inhibit performance, reliability, lifespan, and safety. Understanding the Ingress Protection Rating can help to ensure you purchase the right equipment to meet your needs.
What is Motor IP?
IP is the abbreviation for Ingress Protection. IP classification is used to measure how well a motor can withstand the ingress of dust and water. Following the letters, “IP” are two numerals, the first signifying the resistance to dust and the second to water.
How is Motor Ingress Protection (IP) Defined?
IP rating helps to define the level of protection needed for equipment used in an environment where dust, particles, water, etc. can compromise the motor and thus performance. The rating scale for motor IP ranges from IP00, no protection, to IP66, complete protection.
Motor Ingress Protection (IP) Rating Chart - Common IP Ratings
Open Motors
IP00 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- No protection
IP02 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protection against dripping water even when tilted 15 degrees vertically up to 10 minutes at a rate of 1 mm/min.
IP11 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against accidental contact with the hand and ingress of solid objects exceeding 50 mm in diameter.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protection against dripping water falling vertically up to 10 minutes at a rate of 1 mm/min.
IP12 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against accidental contact with the hand and ingress of solid objects exceeding 50 mm in diameter.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protection against dripping water even when tilted 15 degrees vertically up to 10 minutes at a rate of 1 mm/min.
IP13 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against accidental contact with the hand and ingress of solid objects exceeding 50 mm in diameter.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected against dripping water even when tilted 60 degrees vertically up to 5 minutes at 0.7 LOP @ 80-100 kPA.
IP21 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against touching with the finger and ingress of solid objects exceeding 12 mm in diameter.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protection against dripping water falling vertically up to 10 minutes at a rate of 1 mm/min.
IP22 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against touching with the finger and ingress of solid objects exceeding 12 mm in diameter.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protection against dripping water even when tilted 15 degrees vertically up to 10 minutes at a rate of 1 mm/min.
IP23 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against touching with the finger and ingress of solid objects exceeding 12 mm in diameter.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected against dripping water even when tilted 60 degrees vertically up to 5 minutes at 0.7 LOP @ 80-100 kPA.
Closed Motors
IP44 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against contact with live or moving parts such as tools, wires, or objects of thickness greater than 1 mm. Protection against ingress of small solid objects exceeding 1 mm in diameter - excluding the ventilation openings (intake and discharge of external fans) and the drain hole of the enclosed machine(may have degree 2 protection).
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Water splashed against the enclosure from any direction.
IP54 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protection against contacts. Protection against the accumulation of harmful dust.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Water splashed against the machine from any direction.
IP55 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Complete protection against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure. Protection against harmful deposits of dust. The ingress of dust is not totally prevented but cannot enter in an amount sufficient to interfere with the satisfactory operation of the machine.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Water projected by a nozzle against the enclosure from any direction.
IP56 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Complete protection against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure. Protection against harmful deposits of dust. The ingress of dust is not totally prevented but cannot enter in an amount sufficient to interfere with the satisfactory operation of the machine.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Water from heavy seas or water projected from jets.
IP65 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Complete protection against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure and against dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Water projected by a nozzle against the machine from any direction.
IP66 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Complete protection against contact with live or moving parts inside the enclosure and against dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Water from heavy seas or water projected from jets shall not enter the machine in any harmful quantity.
IP Rating Chart - Breakdown of IP Number
IP01 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection from solids.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from condensation.
IP03 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection from solids.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.
IP04 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection from solids.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray in any direction.
IP05 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection from solids.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from low-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP06 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection from solids.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from high-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP07 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection from solids.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from immersion between 15 cm and 1 m in depth.
IP08 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- No protection from solids.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from long-term immersion up to a specified pressure.
IP10 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Not protected from liquids.
IP15 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from low-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP16 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water
- Protected from high-pressure water jets from any direction
IP17 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from immersion between 15 cm and 1 m in depth.
IP18 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from long-term immersion up to a specified pressure
IP20 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 50 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Not Protected from Liquids
IP24 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 12 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray in any direction.
IP25 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 12 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from low-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP26 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 12 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from high-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP27 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 12 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from immersion between 15 cm and 1 m in depth.
IP28 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 12 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from long-term immersion up to a specified pressure.
IP30 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water
- Not Protected from Liquids
IP31 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water
- Protected from condensation.
IP32 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.
IP33 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.
IP34 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray in any direction.
IP35 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from low-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP36 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from high-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP37 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from immersion between 15 cm and 1 m in depth.
IP38 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from long-term immersion up to a specified pressure.
IP40 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water
- Not Protected from Liquids.
IP41 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from condensation.
IP42 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.
IP43 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray in any direction.
IP45 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from low-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP46 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from high-pressure water jets from any direction.
IP47 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from immersion between 15 cm and 1 m in depth.
IP48 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 mm.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from long-term immersion up to a specified pressure.
IP50 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from limited dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Not Protected from Liquids.
IP51 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from limited dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from condensation
IP52 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from limited dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from water spray less than 15 degrees from vertical.
IP53 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies
- Protected from limited dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water
- Protected from water spray less than 60 degrees from vertical.
IP57 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from limited dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from immersion between 15 cm and 1 m in depth.
IP58 Rating
First Numerical Protection Against Contact and Ingress of Foreign Bodies:
- Protected from limited dust ingress.
Second Numerical Protection against water:
- Protected from long-term immersion up to a specified pressure.
IP Term Definitions
Motor IP First Digit - Solids
0 - No protection provided
1 - Protected from touch by any large surface of the body such as hands greater than 50 mm.
2 - Protection against touching with the finger and ingress of solid objects exceeding 12 mm in diameter.
3 - Protected from touch by hands greater than 2.5 millimeters. Protection from possible ingress of tools or thick wires.
4 - Protected from touch by hands greater than 1 millimeter. Protection against the ingress of most wires and screws.
5 - Protected from limited dust ingress. Ingress of dust is not entirely prevented, but dust cannot interfere with the satisfactory operation of the equipment.
6 - Protected from total dust ingress
Motor IP Second Digit - Liquids
0 - No protection provided.
1 - Dripping water and falling vertically will have no harmful effect. Must pass a test duration of 10 minutes, with water dripping equivalent to 1 mm of rainfall per minute.
2 - Dripping Water, while tilted up to 15 degrees will have no harmful effects. This level means it must pass a test duration of 10 minutes, with water dripping equivalent to 3 mm of rainfall per minute.
3 - Spraying water at an angle of up to 60 degrees from vertical will have no harmful effects. This level means it must pass a test duration of 5 minutes with a water volume of 0.7 liters per minute, with a pressure of 80 - 100 KN/m^2.
4 - Water that is splashed against the enclosure from any direction will have no harmful effects. This level means it must pass a test duration of 5 minutes, with a water volume of 10 liters per minute, and a pressure of 80‐100 KN/m^2 .
5 - Water jets with a 6.3 mm nozzle aimed at an enclosure from any direction will have no harmful effects. This level means it must pass a test duration of a minimum of 3 minutes, with a water volume of 12.5 liters per minute, and pressure of 80‐100KN/m^2 .
6 - Powerful water jets from a 12.5 mm nozzle, aimed at an enclosure from any direction, will have no harmful effects. This level means it must pass a test duration of 3 minutes minimum, with a water volume of 100 liters per minute, with a pressure of 100KN/m^2 , at a distance of 3 meters.
7 - Can be immersed in water for 30 minutes, at a depth of 1 meter, and will have no harmful effects.
8 - Continuous immersion in water under conditions specified by the manufacturer. Typically, the equipment is hermetically sealed.
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